<span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">Pain, whether acute pain or chronic, is one of the most pervasive and expensive public health issues in the United States.</span></span></span></span>
More than 100 million American adults</span></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif"> are suffering from chronic pain each day, according to the American Academy of Pain Medicine. And it can exact a tremendous toll on American workers. Just in financial terms, </span></span>pain costs the United States upwards of $560 billion a year<span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">, a 2011 report by the National Institute of Medicine estimated.</span></span>
<span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">"Given the burden of pain in terms of human lives, dollars, and social consequences, actions to relieve pain should be undertaken as a national priority," the report's authors wrote.</span></span></span></span>
<span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">Managing pain is possible</span></span></span></span>
<span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">The good news is that most pain is temporary. Acute pain will typically subside as an injury heals. Even chronic pain is manageable long term. However, both types of pain — either from injury or disease — may require tailored treatments, procedures or medications. The key is getting help and keeping an open mind.</span></span></span></span>
<span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">When to seek help for your pain</span></span></span></span>
Sara Nashi, MD</span></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">, </span></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">a pain management specialist with the </span></span>TriHealth Orthopedic & Sports Institute<span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">, recommends waiting first to see if the pain subsides on its own.</span></span>
<span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">"I would say if you're having </span></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">pain that is not related to a direct injury, allow your body to rest for one or two weeks. If it doesn't get better, you need to see someone," Dr. Nashi said.</span></span></span></span>
<span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">The most common complaints Dr. Nashi treats are lower back pain, neck pain and knee injuries. These types of pain typically require physical therapy, soft tissue injections, nerve blocks and other non-surgical treatments, but some may require surgery.</span></span></span></span>
<span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">Other types of pain, such as nerve pain related to diabetes, cancer related pain and other chronic diseases may require pain management through medication.</span></span></span></span>
<span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">The case for cognitive behavior therapy</span></span></span></span>
<span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">When managing pain over the long term, Dr. Nashi </span></span><span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">recommends a multimodal approach which includes cognitive behavior therapy, physical therapy, injections and a judicious use of medication, saying these methods help "keep people functional."</span></span></span></span>
<span style="font-size:10.5pt"><span style="font-family:"Verdana",sans-serif">"There have been a lot of studies showing higher dose opioids have long-term damaging effects and really no substantial benefits," she said. "The lowest effective dose should be used and intermittent use is OK for chronic pain. If people fully participate in the treatment plan then as a team we can typically manage their pain more effectively and with less medication. In some instances, it is really about empowering people so that the pain no longer controls them.”</span></span></span></span>